What are PFAS?

PFAS stands for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, a group of man-made chemicals known for their ability to repel water and oil. These chemicals are commonly found in a wide range of everyday products, including rain jackets, non-stick cookware, and food packaging.

What makes PFAS particularly concerning is their incredibly strong carbon-fluorine bonds, which allow them to persist in the environment—whether in water, soil, or animal tissues—for extremely long periods. This persistence has earned them the nickname "forever chemicals".

How do PFAS enter the human body?

PFAS can enter the human body in several ways:

1. Inhalation: Breathing in air or dust contaminated with PFAS.

2. Ingestion: Consuming food or water that has been contaminated with PFAS.

3. Skin Contact: Absorbing PFAS through the skin, particularly in environments with high levels of contamination.

These chemicals can accumulate in the body over time, making it important to limit exposure whenever possible.

How are PFAS harmful?

PFAS have been linked to a broad range of serious health issues. Some of the known adverse effects include:

• Kidney and Testicular Cancer: PFAS exposure has been associated with an increased risk of developing these types of cancer.

• Liver and Thyroid Problems: These chemicals can disrupt liver function and thyroid hormone balance.

• Reproductive Issues: PFAS can lead to reproductive problems, including fertility challenges.

• Pregnancy-Induced High Blood Pressure: Exposure to PFAS during pregnancy may increase the risk of developing high blood pressure.

• Low Birth Weight and Birth Defects: PFAS exposure has been linked to lower birth weights and a higher risk of birth defects.

Researchers are continually studying PFAS, and new health risks associated with these chemicals continue to emerge, underscoring the importance of minimizing exposure.

How long do PFAS stay in animals and humans?

PFAS are often called "forever chemicals" due to their incredibly long half-lives. These substances can remain in human tissue for decades, gradually accumulating over time. In animals, the persistence of PFAS can vary depending on the species, but they also tend to stay in the body for extended periods, making them difficult to eliminate once absorbed.

How can I tell if my game meat contains PFAS?

PFAS are both odorless and colorless, making them undetectable through sight or smell. The only way to accurately determine if game meat contains PFAS is through specialized laboratory screenings. 

How can I support this project?

You can support our project by donating duck tissue samples from across the state. If you're interested in contributing, simply use the contact form to join our study. Here's how it works:

1. Minimal Communications: Once duck hunting season begins, we'll reach out to gather basic information like your general hunting locations, the number of duck tissues available for donation, and the species of ducks you've hunted. Rest assured, we’ll keep communications to a minimum—no spam, just what’s necessary.

2. Sampling Kit: We’ll provide you with a sampling kit and detailed instructions to ensure easy and proper collection of the tissues.

3. Drop-off or Pickup: We’ll arrange a convenient way for you to drop off or have your samples picked up.

Please note that we only need duck liver and small amounts of muscle tissue. The rest of the duck is yours to enjoy!

Your participation is invaluable to our efforts, and we greatly appreciate your contribution to this important research.

How many ducks can I donate at one time?

The survey strictly follows the current New Mexico Department of Game and Fish (NMDGF) rules and regulations. Detailed information on bag and possession limits can be found here.

The donation of any duck will require a completed and signed possession form which can be found on page 157 of the 2024-2025 New Mexico Hunting Rules and Information. Survey personnel will have printed forms available at the time of donation transfer.